Atomic Mass	277
Electron Configuration	[Rn]7s25f146d6
Oxidation States	8, (6), (5), (4), (3), (2)(parenthesized oxidation states are predictions)
Year Discovered	1984

108

Hassium

Atomic Mass	277
Electron Configuration	[Rn]7s25f146d6
Oxidation States	8, (6), (5), (4), (3), (2)(
Year Discovered	1984

Identifiers

Element Name	Hassium
Element Symbol	Hs
InChI	InChI=1S/Hs
InChIKey	OBDWMWVOVYJOMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Properties

Atomic Weight	270 277 Relative Mass: 270.13429(27#)
Electron Configuration	[Rn]7s²5f¹⁴6d⁶
Atomic Radius	Empirical Atomic Radius : empirical: 126 pm (estimated)
Oxidation States	8, (6), (5), (4), (3), (2)(parenthesized oxidation states are predictions)
Ground Level	4
Ionization Energy	7.6 ± 0.5 eV (The level was determined by interpolation or extrapolation of known experimental values or by semiempirical calculation; its absolutre accuracy is reflected in the number of significant figures assigned to it.)
Atomic Spectra	Levels Holdings
Physical Description	Solid
Element Classification	Metal
Element Period Number	7
Element Group Number	8
Estimated Crustal Abundance	Not Applicable
Estimated Oceanic Abundance	Not Applicable

History

Hassium was first produced by Peter Armbruster, Gottfried Münzenber and their team working at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung in Darmstadt, Germany in 1984. They bombarded atoms of lead-208 with ions of iron-58 with a device known as a linear accelerator. This produced atoms of hassium-265, an isotope with a half-life of about 2 milliseconds (0.002 seconds), and a free neutron. Hassium's most stable isotope, hassium-270, has a half-life of about 22 seconds. It decays into seaborgium-266 through alpha decay.

Its name is Latin "Hassias" meaning "Hess," from the German state. Discovered by Peter Armbruster, Gottfried Munzenber and co-workers at GSI in Darmstadt, Germany in 1984.

Description

Hassium does not occur naturally in the Earth’s crust. Hassium was first synthesized by German scientists at the GSI Center for Heavy Ion Research in Darmstadt, Germany in 1984 using the nuclear reaction ²⁰⁸Pb (⁵⁸Fe, n) ²⁶⁵Hs (Fig. IUPAC.108.1). The element is named for Hassia (the Latin name for the German state of Hesse), whose former capital was Darmstadt [651], [652], [653]. Hassium is used in chemical and heavy element research.

Fig. IUPAC.108.1: GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research in Darmstadt, Germany. (Used with permission from: GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung) [654].

[651] P. Preuss. Hassium Becomes Heaviest Element to have its Chemistry Studied, Berkeley Lab (2014), Feb. 25; http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/108-chemistry.html.

[652] Science Education at Jefferson Lab. It’s Elemental – The Element Hassium, Science Education at Jefferson Lab (2014), Feb. 25; http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele108.html.

[653] W. Loveland. “Nuclear Chemistry”, in Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology, R. A. Meyers (Ed.), Academic Press, New York (2001).

[654] Gallery-GSI in General, p. 201. GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH August 28; https://www.gsi.de/en/press/mediathek/gallery.htm#c4445.

Users

Since only small amounts of hassium have ever been produced, it currently has no uses outside of basic scientific research.

Compounds

See more information at the Hassium compound page.

Element Forms

CID	Name	Formula	SMILES	Molecular Weight
56951714	hassium	Hs	[Hs]	269.1336

Isotopes

Stable Isotope Count	0

Isotope Mass and Abundance

Isotope	Atomic Mass (uncertainty) [u]	Abundance (uncertainty)
²⁷⁰Hs	270.13429(27#)

Atomic Mass, Half Life, and Decay

Nuclide	Atomic Mass and Uncertainty [u]	Half Life and Uncertainty	Discovery Year	Decay Modes, Intensities and Uncertainties [%]
²⁶³Hs	263.128479 ± 0.000212 [Estimated]	0.9 ms ± 0.4	2009	α≈100%; SF ?
²⁶³Hs^m	263.128479 ± 0.000212 [Estimated]	1 ms [Estimated]		α≈100%; SF ?
²⁶⁴Hs	264.128356330 ± 0.000031005	0.7 s ± 0.3	1986	α=70±3%; SF=30±3%
²⁶⁵Hs	265.129791744 ± 0.000025719	1.96 ms ± 0.16	1984	α≈100%; SF ?
²⁶⁵Hs^m	265.129791744 ± 0.000025719	360 us ± 150	1995	α≈100%; IT ?
²⁶⁶Hs	266.130048783 ± 0.000029099	3.0 ms ± 0.6	2001	α=76±0.9%; SF=24±0.9%
²⁶⁶Hs^m	266.130048783 ± 0.000029099	280 ms ± 220	2011	α≈100%
²⁶⁷Hs	267.131678 ± 0.000102 [Estimated]	55 ms ± 11	1995	α>80%; SF ?
²⁶⁷Hs^m	267.131678 ± 0.000102 [Estimated]	990 us ± 90	2004	α=?; IT ?
²⁶⁸Hs	268.132011 ± 0.000322 [Estimated]	1.4 s ± 1.1	2010	α≈100%
²⁶⁹Hs	269.133649 ± 0.000141 [Estimated]	15 s ± 7	1996	α=100%
²⁷⁰Hs	270.134313 ± 0.000266 [Estimated]	9 s ± 4	2003	α≈100%; SF ?
²⁷¹Hs	271.137082 ± 0.000296 [Estimated]	10 s [Estimated]	2008	α ?; SF ?
²⁷²Hs	272.138492 ± 0.000547 [Estimated]	10 s [Estimated]		α ?; SF ?
²⁷³Hs	273.141458 ± 0.000401 [Estimated]	1060 ms ± 500	2010	α≈100%; SF ?
²⁷³Hs^p	273.141458 ± 0.000401 [Estimated]	Not-specified		α ?; SF ?
²⁷⁴Hs	274.143217 ± 0.000504 [Estimated]	500 ms [Estimated]		α ?; SF ?
²⁷⁵Hs	275.146530 ± 0.000637 [Estimated]	280 ms ± 130	2004	α=100%
²⁷⁶Hs	276.148348 ± 0.000773 [Estimated]	100 ms [Estimated]		α ?; SF ?
²⁷⁷Hs	277.151772 ± 0.00048 [Estimated]	12 ms ± 9	2010	SF≈100%; α ?
²⁷⁷Hs^m	277.151772 ± 0.00048 [Estimated]	130 s ± 100	2012	SF=100%
²⁷⁸Hs	278.153753 ± 0.000322 [Estimated]	2 s [Estimated]	2016	SF≈100%; α ?
²⁷⁹Hs	279.157274 ± 0.000644 [Estimated]	1 s [Estimated]		α ?; SF ?
²⁸⁰Hs	280.159335 ± 0.000644 [Estimated]	100 ms [Estimated]		α ?; SF ?

Information Sources

1. PubChem

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
2. Atomic Mass Data Center (AMDC), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

LICENSE
https://www-nds.iaea.org/disclaimer.html

Hs
https://www-nds.iaea.org/amdc/
3. IUPAC Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights (CIAAW)

LICENSE
http://www.ciaaw.org/bylaws.htm

Hassium
https://www.ciaaw.org/
4. IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements and Isotopes (IPTEI)

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Copyright (c) 2020 International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) contribution within Pubchem is provided under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license, unless otherwise stated.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2015-0703
5. Jefferson Lab, U.S. Department of Energy

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Please see citation and linking information https https://www.jlab.org/privacy-and-security-notice

Hassium
https://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele108.html
6. Los Alamos National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy

LICENSE
https://about.lanl.gov/lanl-resources/web-policies/

Hassium
https://periodic.lanl.gov/108.shtml
7. NIST Physical Measurement Laboratory

LICENSE
https://www.nist.gov/pml/database-disclaimer

Hassium
https://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/Elements/elInfo.pl?element=108
8. PubChem Elements

LICENSE
https://www.nlm.nih.gov/copyright.html

Hassium

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