When a carboxylic acid and an amine are used to form an amide bond in a triphenylphosphine-involved system, the first distinction to make is whether the process proceeds through stoichiometric activation or through a catalytic cycle in which triphenylphosphine oxide is reduced in situ to ...
Amide bond formation is often described simply as the “condensation of a carboxylic acid with an amine,” yet the actual experimental outcome depends primarily on what kind of activated intermediate the carboxylic acid is first converted into. Different activated intermediates can differ ...
Amide bond formation is not as simple as merely “choosing a reagent that can activate a carboxylic acid.” Many coupling systems can connect an acid and an amine, but they do not channel the carboxylic acid through the same activation pathway, they generate different activated intermediates, ...
Amide bond formation is one of the most common fundamental transformations in organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry, and the preparation of functional molecules. In efforts to improve amidation reactions, the central questions have remained the same: can additional activation steps be reduced, ...
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