To a TEOS (2.5 mL) solution in 115 mL of dried ethanol, 3.75 mL of aqueous ammonium hydroxide solution (14.6 M) and 3.75 mL of water were added while stirring. After 12 h of stirring, silica nanoparticles were isolated by centrifugation at a speed of 15,000 rpm and the supernatant ...
Solvothermal synthesis represents a versatile technique for the preparation of diverse materials encompassing metals, semiconductors, ceramics, and polymers. This process entails the utilization of a solvent under conditions of moderate to high pressure (ranging typically from 1 atm to 10,000 ...
Electron microscopy is essential when studying the complex structure of cells and organelles and studying cellular biological processes. Colloidal gold and its various derivatives have been the most widely used antigen markers in biological electron microscopy. These particles can be attached to ...
Nucleic acid therapy, as a prominent, novel and promising therapeutic approach, has potential in the treatment of many genetic diseases such as diabetes.
As a powerful tool in bioanalysis, immunoassays rely on specific reactions between antigens and selective antibodies and use different labels such as radioisotopes, enzymes, and fluorophores for signal development. In recent years, nanomaterials are increasingly replacing these molecular tags ...
Magnetic nanoparticles are nanomaterials composed of magnetic elements (such as iron, nickel, cobalt, chromium, manganese, and gadolinium) and their compounds. Magnetic nanoparticles are superparamagnetic because of their nanoscale size, offering great potential in a wide variety of ...
Over the past few decades, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been increasingly used to separate and differentiate biomolecules, which is the basis of most current molecular diagnostic procedures. The size, morphology, and dispersion of MNPs endow them with specificity, affinity, and binding ...
Traditional vaccines can be divided into four types: live attenuated vaccines, inactivated vaccines, subunit vaccines, recombinant vaccines, polysaccharide and conjugate vaccines, and toxoid vaccines. While many of these vaccines play an important role in controlling infectious diseases, some ...
Small-molecule drugs are variable-specificity drugs targeted within cells, typically well-defined organic substances with a molecular weight of fewer than 900 Daltons, that help regulate biological processes. Due to differences in size, manufacturing, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and ...
In bioanalytical chemistry, it is very important to isolate organelles to analyze their content or function, which is the basis of many biomedical analyses.
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